AcuSense is Hikvision’s intelligent video analysis technology based on deep learning algorithms. Classifies targets into three types: human, vehicle, and others. When the operator selects certain object types, AcuSense cameras or NVRs filter the remaining unselected object types, which dramatically reduces the number of false alarms.

AHD (Analog High Definition) is an open analog video transmission standard developed by Nextchip. Allows you to transmit video over a coaxial cable of the RG-6 type at a distance of up to 500 meters, with a picture resolution of up to 8 megapixels (4K) (3840×2160). When using surveillance cameras of the AHD standard, it is necessary that the entire system supports this standard. The AHD standard, in turn, is divided into several subtypes: AHD-L (recording resolution 960H), AHD-M (HD / 720p), AHD-H (FullHD / 1080p).

Bitrate – the number of bits used for data transmission / processing per unit of time. It is customary to use the bit rate when measuring the effective transmission rate of a data stream over a channel, that is, the minimum size of a channel that can pass this stream without delays. Bitrate is expressed in bits per second (bit / s, bps), as well as derived values ​​with the prefixes kilo- (kbps, kbps), mega- (Mbps, Mbps), giga- (Gbps) or tera- ( Tbps). In streaming video and audio formats, the “bitrate” parameter expresses the degree of compression of the stream and, thereby, determines the size of the channel for which the data stream is compressed.

There are three lossy compression modes for streaming data:

• CBR (English Constant bitrate) – with constant bitrate;
• VBR (English Variable bitrate) – with variable bitrate;
• ABR (Average bitrate) – with an average bitrate.

CCD-matrix (abbreviated from “charge-coupled device”) – a specialized analog integrated circuit consisting of photosensitive photodiodes, made on the basis of silicon, using the technology of CCD devices – charge-coupled devices. The advantages of CCDs include high sensitivity, low noise and high pixel fill factor.

CMOS – Complementary metal oxide semiconductor structure. This is a technology for the production of matrices for video cameras. High speed (up to 500 fps) and low power consumption are the main advantages of CMOS sensors.

CVBS (Composite Video Baseband Signal or Color, Video, Blanking, Sync) is an analog standard for transmitting a composite video signal over an RG-6 coaxial cable over a distance of 300 meters, with a picture resolution of up to 1000 TVL (television lines). 2 formats are used: PAL / NTSC. CVBS is an outdated standard today.

Special mode of operation of the CCTV camera at night. The principle is as follows – when the illumination on the object falls below a certain limit, the camera automatically switches from color (day) mode to black and white (night). This allows you to get a more contrast and detailed picture in low light.

This is the distance from the optical center of the lens to the focal point of the light rays on the matrix, measured in millimeters (mm). The shorter the focal length of the lens, the larger the angle of view of the CCTV camera. For example, for a lens with f = 2.8 mm, the viewing angle will be larger than for a lens with f = 3.6 mm.

H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10 or AVC) is a video stream compression codec that is characterized by a high compression ratio of the original video images while maintaining high quality. H.264 uses blocks of up to 4×4 pixels, with the size of the blocks adaptively resizing for each individual fragment. In scenes with lots of detail or fast moving objects, this produces better image quality. With the same amount of information and image quality, the H.264 archive is on average 30% smaller in terms of the size of the MPEG-4 archive. As a result of optimization of coding algorithms, an improved and more efficient H.264 + codec has appeared.

HD-CVI (High Definition Composite Video Interface) is an analog video signal transmission standard developed by Dahua Technology. Allows you to transmit video over a coaxial cable of the RG-6 type at a distance of up to 500 meters, with a picture resolution of up to 8 megapixels (4K) (3840×2160). When using surveillance cameras of the HDCVI standard, it is necessary that the entire system supports this standard.

HLC (High Layer Compatibility) is a high light compensation technology used to improve the exposure of a frame. Backlight compensation is done by removing from the frame strong light sources, such as car headlights or floodlights that shine directly into the camera at night. These areas are removed with the help of masks, thus the average brightness of the image is reduced and you can see what is happening in the dark areas.

This is the degree of resistance of the enclosures of electrical equipment to external mechanical influences (shocks). The lowest degree of protection IK00 – no protection. The maximum degree of IK10 is the resistance of the case to a drop of a load weighing 5 kg from a height of 40 cm, the impact energy is 20 J.

ICR (Infrared Cut Removable) – Removable IR cut filter. This is a CCTV camera function designed to increase light sensitivity at night. During the day, with the help of the mechanical input of the IR filter, the correct color rendition is ensured, at night the IR filter is shifted, thanks to which the image is brighter.

This is a characteristic of the sensitivity of the matrix of a CCTV camera, which shows the degree of minimum illumination at which the camera is able to produce a good quality video image – clear and without noise. Measured in Lux (designation: lx, lx) – the unit for measuring illumination in the SI system. The lower the value of this parameter, the higher the sensitivity. The characteristics of cameras always indicate the minimum illumination level at which the camera does not go into night mode. Lux is equal to the illumination of a surface with an area of ​​1 m², with a luminous flux of the incident radiation equal to 1 lm (lumen).

Popular values:

• 100,000-5,000 lux – daylight, natural lighting outdoors in sunny weather
• 5000 lux – daylight, natural lighting outdoors in cloudy weather
• 50-500 lux – office or shop
• 10 lux – dusk and well-lit motorway at night
• 1 lux – deep twilight
• 0.3-0.1 lx – night natural lighting outdoors with a full moon
• 0.05 lx – moonlit night (1/4 moon)
• 0.01 lx – moonless night
• 0.003-0.1 lx – night natural lighting outdoors under the light of stars

ONVIF (Open Network Video Interface Forum) is a protocol that describes how network video transmission devices (IP cameras, video recorders) integrate with network video processing and display programs. The functionality of ONVIF is similar to the API functions included in the software of camera and DVR manufacturers, which determine how clients authenticate, change IP addresses, request video streams, receive and send panning, zooming events. The difference is that the ONVIF specification is standardized for use by different manufacturers.

P2P (Peer-to-peer) is a network technology that allows multiple devices to share resources and communicate directly with each other without an intermediary. The use of this technology in video surveillance is based on identifying a device (camera, video recorder) on a remote server by its unique number (UID). After receiving a request for viewing video images from the user and determining the unique device number, the application on the smartphone directly communicates with the selected device.

PSIA (Physical Security Interoperability Alliance). The alliance was founded in 2008 in the USA and has been competing with ONVIF ever since. Its main goal is to develop technical standards for the organization of physical security and software platforms that integrate IP-based technologies. PSIA standards are used by many camcorder manufacturers. The company controls 25% of the global video surveillance market.

This is the number of pixels on the matrix of the video camera horizontally and vertically, from which the image is formed. The higher the resolution, the better the detail and picture quality will be. Resolution is measured in megapixels (Mp). The standard value is 1, 1.3, 2, 3 megapixels. Values of 4 megapixels and above refer to high resolution.

RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) is an application protocol for managing multimedia data. For example, it can be used to receive video and sound from an IP camera. The protocol does not transfer or compress data on its own. By default, RTSP runs on network port 554. RTSP audio / video capture can be done using Windows Media Player, VLC Player, Winamp and links like rtsp://admin: [email protected]: 554/Streaming/Channels/1

WDR (Wide Dynamic Range) is a specialized function of the camcorder that improves the picture when the illumination of different parts of the picture is uneven. Distinguish between True-WDR (hardware WDR) and D-WDR (digital WDR). After turning on the True-WDR mode, the camera takes 2 frames with different shutter speeds and sums up the received data. Thus, it is possible to obtain a balanced image – darken areas that are too light and lighten areas that are too dark. Cameras with D-WDR function use special digital algorithms unlike hardware WDR.